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- $Unique_ID{BRK03689}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Dystrophy, Asphyxiating Thoracic}
- $Subject{Dystrophy, Asphyxiating Thoracic ATD Jeune Syndrome
- Thoracic-Pelvic-Phalangeal Dystrophy Asphyxiating Thoracic Dysplasia
- Chondroectodermal Dysplasia Metrophic Dwarfism}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1988, 1989, 1992 National Organization for Rare Disorders,
- Inc.
-
- 576:
- Dystrophy, Asphyxiating Thoracic
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Asphyxiating Thoracic
- Dystrophy). Please check the SYNONYM listing to find the alternate names and
- disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- ATD
- Jeune Syndrome
- Thoracic-Pelvic-Phalangeal Dystrophy
- Asphyxiating Thoracic Dysplasia
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Chondroectodermal Dysplasia
- Metrophic Dwarfism
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
-
- Asphyxiating Thoracic Dystrophy is a very rare genetic disorder affecting
- the development of the bone structure of the chest area. Major symptoms
- include failure of the rib cage to develop correctly, kidney problems and
- shortened bones of the arms and legs.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Asphyxiating Thoracic Dystrophy (ATD) is characterized by insufficient growth
- of the rib cage (thorax) in newborns. The characteristic "bell-shaped" chest
- cavity results in the inability of the infant to breathe properly. Lung
- infections, high blood pressure, pancreatic cysts and the growth of too many
- fingers and toes (polydactyly) may also occur. ATD patients may also have
- insufficient growth of the pelvic bones and shortened long bones of the arms
- and legs. Breathing and kidney problems are the most serious complications
- of ATD.
-
- Causes
-
- Asphyxiating Thoracic Dystrophy is caused by hardening of the endochondral
- bone in the fetal rib cage (thorax). It is inherited as an autosomal
- recessive trait. (Human traits including the classic genetic diseases, are
- the product of the interaction of two genes for that condition, one received
- from the father and one from the mother. In recessive disorders, the
- condition does not appear unless a person inherits the same defective gene
- from each parent. If one receives one normal gene and one gene for the
- disease, the person will be a carrier for the disease, but usually will show
- no symptoms. The risk of transmitting the disease to the children of a
- couple, both of whom are carriers for a recessive disorder, is twenty-five
- percent. Fifty percent of their children will be carriers, but healthy as
- described above. Twenty-five percent of their children will receive both
- normal genes, one from each parent and will be genetically normal.)
-
- Affected Population
-
- Asphyxiating Thoracic Dystrophy affects about one in one hundred and twenty
- thousand live births. Males and females are affected in equal numbers.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Asphyxiating
- Thoracic Dystrophy. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
-
- Chondroectodermal Dysplasia features dwarfism with striking shortening of
- the extremities. Extra fingers and toes, fused wrists, dystrophy of the
- fingernails, lip abnormalities and heart defects also occur in this disorder.
-
- Metatrophic Dwarfism is noticed in infancy, and is characterized by the
- development of a long narrow thorax, flattening of the vertebral bones and
- relatively short limbs. Progressive deformity of the bones of the thorax and
- spine causes a loss of previous development of normal body proportions. This
- results in short-spine dwarfism with severe dysplasia of the skeleton.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Treatment of Asphyxiating Thoracic Dystrophy may consist of surgical
- expansion of the chest area by removal of cartilage in the sternum or by
- using an acrylic implanted device to expand the rib cage to enhance breathing
- capabilities. Kidney problems can be treated with dialysis or kidney
- transplants. A diagnosis of ATD may be made prenatally by the use of
- ultrasound imaging. Genetic counseling may be of benefit to families
- affected by this disorder. Other treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- The Titanium Rib Project is underway to implant expandable ribs in patients
- with disorders involving missing, underdeveloped, or otherwise malformed rib
- cages, ribs or chest walls. Absent areas due to surgery or birth defects,
- fused ribs or hypoplastic chests may be improved using the titanium ribs
- which can be expanded as the child grows. Interested persons may contact:
-
- Dr. Robert Campbell
- Santa Rosa Children's Hospital
- 519 W. Houston St.
- San Antonio, TX 78207-3198
- (512) 567-5125
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- September 1992. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to
- keep every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and
- accurate. Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for
- the most current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Asphyxiating Thoracic Dystrophy, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- Jeune Syndrome Support Group
- 5636 Secor Rd., #11
- Toledo, OH 43627
- (419) 475-9632
-
- The National Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Information
- Clearinghouse
- Box AMS
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 495-4484
-
- International Center for Skeletal Dysplasia
- St. Joseph Hospital
- 7620 York Road
- Towson, MD 21204
- (301) 337-1250
-
- The Magic Foundation
- 1327 N. Harlem Ave.
- Oak Park, IL 60302
- (708) 383-0808
-
- Human Growth Foundation (HGF)
- 7777 Leesburg Pike
- P.O. Box 3090
- Falls Church, VA 22043
- (703) 883-1773
- (800) 451-6434
-
- For Genetic Information and genetic counseling referrals:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- This Rare Disease Database entry is based upon outlines prepared by medical
- and dental students (1984-1986) at the Medical College of Virginia for their
- course in human genetics, and the following articles:
-
- MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 7th ed.: Victor A. McKusick; Johns Hopkins
- University Press, 1986. Pp. 844, 951, 1108,
-
- A THORACIC EXPANSION TECHNIQUE FOR JEUNE'S ASPHYXIATING THORACIC
- DYSTROPHY, D.W. Todd, et al., J Pediatr Surg (February, 1986, issue 21 (2)).
- Pp. 161-163.
-
- THE JEUNE SYNDROME (ASPHYXIATING THORACIC DYSTROPHY) IN AN ADULT. J. M.
- Friedman, et al., Am J Med (December, 1975, issue 59 (6)). Pp. 857-862.
-
- ASPHYXIATING THORACIC DYSPLASIA. CLINICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, AND PATHOLOGICAL
- INFORMATION ON TEN PATIENTS. R. Oberklaid, et al., Arch Dis Child (October,
- 1977, issue 52 (10)). Pp. 758-765.
-
-